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The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation – Welcome to this post, where I am sharing the complete explanation of Flamingo CBSE Class 12 English Chapter 1 – “The Last Lesson” in both English and Hindi. This heart-touching story by Alphonse Daudet explores the themes of patriotism, language, and the pain of losing one’s identity. Whether you’re preparing for your board exams or simply want to understand the chapter deeply, this bilingual explanation will help you grasp the story clearly and meaningfully. Let’s dive into the world of Franz and M. Hamel, and understand why this last French lesson was so unforgettable.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation

Alphonse Daudet (1840-1897) was a French novelist and short story writer. The Last Lesson is set in the days of the Franco Prussian War (1870-1871) in which France was defeated by Prussia led by Bismarck. Prussia then consisted of what now are the nations of Germany, Poland and parts of Austria. In this story the French districts of Alsace and Lorraine have passed into Prussian hands. Read the story to find out what effect this had on life at school.

Paraphrase in English

Alphonse Daudet (1840–1897) was a writer from France. He wrote novels and short stories.
“The Last Lesson” is a story that takes place during the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871). In this war, France lost to Prussia, which was led by Bismarck. At that time, Prussia included today’s Germany, Poland, and parts of Austria.

In the story, two French areas — Alsace and Lorraine — were taken over by Prussia. The story shows how this change affected school life, especially the teaching of the French language. Read the story to understand how students and teachers felt when their language and identity were taken away.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

अल्फॉन्स डॉडेट (1840–1897) फ्रांस के एक लेखक थे। उन्होंने उपन्यास और लघुकथाएं लिखीं।
“The Last Lesson” (अंतिम पाठ) नामक कहानी फ्रेंको-प्रशियन युद्ध (1870–1871) के समय की है। इस युद्ध में फ्रांस हार गया और प्रशिया (जिसका नेतृत्व बिस्मार्क ने किया) जीत गया। उस समय प्रशिया में आज का जर्मनी, पोलैंड और ऑस्ट्रिया का कुछ हिस्सा शामिल था।

इस कहानी में फ्रांस के दो इलाके — एल्सेस और लोरेन — प्रशिया के कब्ज़े में चले जाते हैं। यह कहानी दिखाती है कि इस बदलाव से स्कूल की ज़िंदगी पर क्या असर पड़ा, खासकर फ्रेंच भाषा की पढ़ाई पर।
यह कहानी पढ़िए और जानिए कि जब किसी की भाषा और पहचान छीन ली जाती है, तो बच्चों और शिक्षकों को कैसा लगता है।

I started for school very late that morning and was in great dread of a scolding, especially because M. Hamel had said that he would question us on participles, and I did not know the first word about them. For a moment I thought of running away and spending the day out of doors. It was so warm, so bright! The birds were chirping at the edge of the woods; and in the open field back of the sawmill the Prussian soldiers were drilling. It was all much more tempting than the rule for participles, but I had the strength to resist, and hurried off to school.

Paraphrase in English

That morning, I was going to school very late and was very scared that the teacher would scold me. I was especially worried because M. Hamel, the teacher, had said he would ask questions about participles, and I didn’t even know the basics.
For a short moment, I thought about skipping school and spending the day outside. The weather was so warm and sunny! Birds were singing near the forest, and behind the sawmill, some Prussian soldiers were practicing drills. All this looked much more fun than learning grammar rules.
But still, I controlled myself and ran towards the school.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

उस सुबह मैं स्कूल के लिए बहुत देर से निकला और मुझे बहुत डर लग रहा था कि सर मुझे डांटेंगे। मुझे खास तौर पर चिंता थी क्योंकि मिस्टर हैमेल (शिक्षक) ने कहा था कि वे आज हमसे “पार्टिसिपल्स” (क्रियाविशेषण) पर सवाल पूछेंगे, और मुझे उनके बारे में कुछ भी नहीं पता था।
एक पल के लिए मैंने सोचा कि क्यों न स्कूल भाग जाऊं और दिन भर बाहर घूमूं। मौसम बहुत अच्छा और धूप वाला था! जंगल के किनारे चिड़ियाँ चहचहा रही थीं, और आरा मशीन के पीछे के खुले मैदान में प्रशियन सैनिक अभ्यास कर रहे थे।
ये सब कुछ पार्टिसिपल्स के नियम से कहीं ज़्यादा अच्छा लग रहा था,
लेकिन मैंने खुद को रोका और जल्दी से स्कूल की ओर भागा।

When I passed the town hall there was a crowd in front of the bulletin-board. For the last two years all our bad news had come from there — the lost battles, the draft, the orders of the commanding officer — and I thought to myself, without stopping, “What can be the matter now?”

Paraphrase in English

As I walked past the town hall, I saw a crowd gathered in front of the bulletin-board.
For the past two years, all the bad news — like lost battles, forced army joining (draft), and orders from army officers — had been posted there.
I didn’t stop, but I wondered to myself, “What has happened now?”

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

जब मैं टाउन हॉल के पास से गुज़रा, तो देखा कि सूचना पट्ट (बुलेटिन बोर्ड) के सामने भीड़ जमा थी।
पिछले दो सालों से सारी बुरी खबरें — जैसे जंग में हार, सेना में जबरदस्ती भर्ती (ड्राफ्ट) और कमांडिंग अफसर के आदेश — वहीं से आती थीं।
मैं रुका नहीं, लेकिन मन में सोचा, “अब क्या हो गया होगा?”

Then, as I hurried by as fast as I could go, the blacksmith, Wachter, who was there, with his apprentice, reading the bulletin, called after me, “Don’t go so fast, bub; you’ll get to your school in plenty of time!”

I thought he was making fun of me, and reached M. Hamel’s little garden all out of breath.

Paraphrase in English

As I was walking fast, trying to reach school quickly, the blacksmith named Wachter, who was standing there with his helper reading the bulletin, called out to me,
“Don’t run so fast, little boy; you’ll reach school on time!”

I thought he was making fun of me, so I didn’t stop and kept going.
By the time I reached M. Hamel’s small garden, I was completely out of breath.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

जब मैं तेज़ी से स्कूल की तरफ भाग रहा था, तो वहीं खड़े लोहार वाख्टर, जो अपने सहायक के साथ बुलेटिन पढ़ रहे थे,
मुझसे बोले —
“इतनी जल्दी क्यों कर रहा है, बच्चे? तू स्कूल समय पर पहुँच जाएगा!”

मुझे लगा कि वह मेरा मज़ाक उड़ा रहे हैं, इसलिए मैंने ध्यान नहीं दिया और भागता रहा।
जब मैं मिस्टर हैमेल के छोटे से बगीचे तक पहुँचा, तो मेरी साँस फूल गई थी।

Usually, when school began, there was a great bustle, which could be heard out in the street, the opening and closing of desks, lessons repeated in unison, very loud, with our hands over our ears to understand better, and the teacher’s great ruler rapping on the table. But now it was all so still! I had counted on the commotion to get to my desk without being seen; but, of course, that day everything had to be as quiet as Sunday morning. Through the window I saw my classmates, already in their places, and M. Hamel walking up and down with his terrible iron ruler under his arm. I had to open the door and go in before everybody. You can imagine how I blushed and how frightened I was.

Paraphrase in English

Usually, when school started, there was a lot of noise and activity — like the opening and closing of desks, students shouting lessons together, with hands on their ears to hear better, and the sound of the teacher’s ruler hitting the table.

But that day, everything was quiet — just like a Sunday morning.
I was hoping that in the middle of all the usual noise, I could slip into my seat without being noticed. But of course, that day, there was no noise at all.

Through the window, I saw that all my classmates were already seated, and M. Hamel was walking up and down the classroom with his iron ruler under his arm.
I had to open the door and walk in in front of everyone.
You can imagine how embarrassed and scared I felt!

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

आमतौर पर जब स्कूल शुरू होता था, तो बहुत शोर और हलचल होती थी — जैसे डेस्क खोलने और बंद करने की आवाज़,
बच्चे ऊँची आवाज़ में एक साथ पाठ दोहराते थे, और अपने कानों पर हाथ रखकर समझने की कोशिश करते थे।
शिक्षक की लोहे की छड़ी की टेबल पर थप-थपाहट भी सुनाई देती थी।

लेकिन उस दिन तो सब कुछ शांत था — जैसे कोई रविवार की सुबह हो।
मैं सोच रहा था कि रोज़ की तरह शोरगुल में चुपचाप अपनी जगह पर बैठ जाऊँगा, लेकिन उस दिन तो पूरी तरह सन्नाटा था।

खिड़की से देखा कि सारे बच्चे पहले से अपनी जगह पर बैठे थे, और मिस्टर हैमेल अपनी लोहे की छड़ी को बाँह में दबाकर कक्षा में टहल रहे थे।
मुझे दरवाज़ा खोलकर सबके सामने अंदर जाना पड़ा।
आप सोच सकते हैं कि मैं कितना शर्मिंदा और डरा हुआ था!

But nothing happened. M. Hamel saw me and said very kindly, “Go to your place quickly, little Franz. We were beginning without you.”

Paraphrase in English

But nothing bad happened.
M. Hamel saw me and spoke to me very kindly.
He said, “Go to your seat quickly, little Franz. We were just starting without you.”
He didn’t scold me at all, which surprised me.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

लेकिन कुछ भी बुरा नहीं हुआ।
मिस्टर हैमेल ने मुझे देखा और बहुत प्यार से बोले —
“जल्दी से अपनी जगह पर जाओ, छोटे फ्रांज़। हम तुम्हारे बिना शुरू कर रहे थे।”
उन्होंने मुझे बिल्कुल भी डाँटा नहीं, जो मुझे चौंकाने वाला लगा।

I jumped over the bench and sat down at my desk. Not till then, when I had got a little over my fright, did I see that our teacher had on his beautiful green coat, his frilled shirt, and the little black silk cap, all embroidered, that he never wore except on inspection and prize days. Besides, the whole school seemed so strange and solemn. But the thing that surprised me most was to see, on the back benches that were always empty, the village people sitting quietly like ourselves; old Hauser, with his three-cornered hat, the former mayor, the former postmaster, and several others besides. Everybody looked sad; and Hauser had brought an old primer, thumbed at the edges, and he held it open on his knees with his great spectacles lying across the pages.

Paraphrase in English

I quickly jumped over the bench and sat at my desk.
Only after I had calmed down a little, I noticed that M. Hamel was wearing his special clothes — his beautiful green coat, frilled white shirt, and embroidered black silk cap.
He wore these clothes only on special days, like inspections or prize-giving ceremonies.

The whole classroom felt strange and serious.
But the most surprising thing was to see village people sitting on the back benches, which were usually empty.
There was old Hauser wearing his three-cornered hat, the former mayor, the former postmaster, and some other villagers.

Everyone looked sad and serious.
Hauser had brought an old reading book (primer) which was worn out at the edges. He held it open on his knees, with his big glasses lying on the pages.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

मैं जल्दी से बेंच के ऊपर से कूदकर अपनी डेस्क पर बैठ गया।
थोड़ा डर कम होने के बाद मैंने देखा कि मिस्टर हैमेल ने अपनी खास पोशाक पहन रखी थी — उनकी सुंदर हरी कोट, फ्रिल वाली सफेद कमीज, और कढ़ाई वाली काली रेशमी टोपी।
वो ये कपड़े केवल जाँच (inspection) या इनाम वितरण के दिनों पर ही पहनते थे।

पूरी कक्षा का माहौल अजीब और गंभीर लग रहा था।
लेकिन सबसे अचंभे की बात यह थी कि जो पीछे की बेंचें हमेशा खाली रहती थीं, वहाँ गाँव के लोग बैठे थे —
बूढ़े हॉउज़र अपनी तीन कोनों वाली टोपी के साथ, पुराने मेयर, पुराने पोस्टमास्टर, और कुछ अन्य ग्रामीण भी वहाँ थे।

सभी के चेहरे उदास और गंभीर थे।
हॉउज़र अपने साथ एक पुरानी किताब (primer) लाए थे, जिसके किनारे घिस चुके थे।
वह उसे घुटनों पर खोलकर रखे थे और उस पर अपने बड़े चश्मे रखे हुए थे।

While I was wondering about it all, M. Hamel mounted his chair, and, in the same grave and gentle tone which he had used to me, said, “My children, this is the last lesson I shall give you. The order has come from Berlin to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. The new master comes tomorrow. This is your last French lesson. I want you to be very attentive.”

Paraphrase in English

While I was still wondering about everything, M. Hamel stood up on his chair.
In the same serious but gentle voice he had used with me earlier, he said:

“My children, this is the last lesson I will give you.
An order has come from Berlin that from now on, only German will be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine.
The new teacher will come tomorrow.
This is your last French lesson.
I want you all to pay full attention.”

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

जब मैं अब भी सब कुछ सोच ही रहा था, तभी मिस्टर हैमेल अपनी कुर्सी पर खड़े हुए।
उन्होंने उसी गंभीर लेकिन कोमल आवाज़ में कहा, जो उन्होंने मुझसे पहले इस्तेमाल की थी:

“बच्चों, यह मेरा तुम्हें दिया जाने वाला आख़िरी पाठ है।
बर्लिन से आदेश आया है कि अब से एल्सेस और लोरेन के स्कूलों में सिर्फ जर्मन भाषा पढ़ाई जाएगी।
नया शिक्षक कल आएगा।
यह तुम्हारा आख़िरी फ्रेंच पाठ है।
मैं चाहता हूँ कि तुम सभी ध्यानपूर्वक सुनो।”

What a thunderclap these words were to me!
Oh, the wretches; that was what they had put up at the town-hall!

Paraphrase in English

Those words shocked me like a thunderclap!
I was completely surprised and upset.
I thought, “Oh, those cruel people!
So this is what they had posted on the town-hall board!”
Now I understood why the crowd was there in the morning.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

ये शब्द मेरे लिए किसी बिजली की तरह गिरे!
मैं चौंक गया और बहुत दुखी हुआ।
मैंने सोचा —
“अरे, कितने बेरहम लोग हैं ये!
तो यही खबर टाउन-हॉल पर लगाई गई थी!”
अब मुझे समझ में आया कि सुबह वहाँ भीड़ क्यों थी।

My last French lesson! Why, I hardly knew how to write! I should never learn any more! I must stop there, then! Oh, how sorry I was for not learning my lessons, for seeking birds’ eggs, or going sliding on the Saar! My books, that had seemed such a nuisance a while ago, so heavy to carry, my grammar, and my history of the saints, were old friends now that I couldn’t give up. And M. Hamel, too; the idea that he was going away, that I should never see him again, made me forget all about his ruler and how cranky he was.

Paraphrase in English

The news of my last French lesson hit me like a shock. I realized I could barely write in French, and now I would never have a chance to learn more. I felt deeply regretful for not studying seriously, for spending time looking for bird eggs and playing instead of learning. My books, which once seemed like a burden, now felt like old friends that I couldn’t give up. Even my grammar and history books, which I didn’t care about before, seemed precious now. The thought that M. Hamel was leaving, and I would never see him again, made me forget all the times he was strict with his ruler. Instead, I only felt sadness and respect for him.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

मुझे अपने आख़िरी फ्रेंच पाठ की खबर सुनकर बड़ा सदमा लगा। मुझे यह एहसास हुआ कि मैं फ्रेंच ठीक से लिख भी नहीं पाता था, और अब मुझे कभी और सीखने का मौका नहीं मिलेगा। मुझे यह सोचकर बहुत पछतावा हुआ कि मैंने कभी गंभीरता से पढ़ाई नहीं की, और समय बर्बाद किया, पंछियों के अंडे ढूँढने और खेल कूद में। मेरी किताबें, जो पहले मुझे बोझ जैसी लगती थीं, अब पुरानी दोस्तों जैसी लगने लगी थीं, जिन्हें मैं छोड़ नहीं सकता था। मेरी व्याकरण और इतिहास की किताबें, जिन्हें मैंने पहले नजरअंदाज किया था, अब बहुत कीमती लग रही थीं। और फिर यह सोचकर कि मिस्टर हैमेल जा रहे हैं, और मैं उन्हें कभी नहीं देख पाऊँगा, मुझे उनके कड़े रवैये और छड़ी को भूलने पर मजबूर कर दिया। अब मैं केवल उनके लिए दुख और सम्मान महसूस कर रहा था।

Poor man! It was in honour of this last lesson that he had put on his fine Sunday clothes, and now I understood why the old men of the village were sitting there in the back of the room. It was because they were sorry, too, that they had not gone to school more. It was their way of thanking our master for his forty years of faithful service and of showing their respect for the country that was theirs no more.

Paraphrase in English

I felt sorry for M. Hamel when I realized that he had worn his best Sunday clothes for this last lesson. I also understood why the old men of the village were sitting in the back of the room. They were there because they too felt regret for not attending school more when they had the chance. This was their way of thanking M. Hamel for his forty years of dedicated teaching and of showing their respect for the country that was no longer theirs.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

मुझे मिस्टर हैमेल के लिए बहुत दुख हुआ जब मैंने समझा कि उन्होंने इस आख़िरी पाठ के सम्मान में अपनी सप्ताहिक Sunday की सबसे अच्छी पोशाक पहनी थी। मुझे यह भी समझ में आया कि क्यों गाँव के बूढ़े लोग कमरे के पिछली बेंचों पर बैठे थे। वे वहाँ इसलिए थे क्योंकि वे भी इस बात का अफसोस महसूस कर रहे थे कि उन्होंने स्कूल ज्यादा नहीं गया। यह उनकी ओर से मिस्टर हैमेल का धन्यवाद करने का तरीका था, जिन्होंने चालीस साल तक ईमानदारी से पढ़ाया, और यह दिखाने का तरीका था कि वे उस देश के लिए सम्मान महसूस करते थे, जो अब उनका नहीं रहा।

While I was thinking of all this, I heard my name called. It was my turn to recite. What would I not have given to be able to say that dreadful rule for the participle all through, very loud and clear, and without one mistake? But I got mixed up on the first words and stood there, holding on to my desk, my heart beating, and not daring to look up.

Paraphrase in English

While I was thinking about everything, I suddenly heard my name being called. It was my turn to recite the rule for participles. I wished I could say the whole rule clearly, loudly, and without any mistake. I wanted to do well. But as soon as I started, I got confused right at the beginning. I just stood there, nervous and scared, holding my desk tightly, with my heart beating fast, and I was too afraid to even look up.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

जब मैं इन सब बातों के बारे में सोच रहा था, तभी मैंने सुना कि मेरा नाम पुकारा गया। अब मेरी बारी थी कि मैं पार्टिसिपल का नियम सुनाऊं। काश! मैं वह पूरा नियम जोर से, साफ-साफ और बिना गलती के बोल पाता। मैं अच्छा प्रदर्शन करना चाहता था। लेकिन जैसे ही मैंने शुरू किया, मैं शुरुआत में ही उलझ गया। मैं वहीं खड़ा रह गया, डर और घबराहट से अपनी डेस्क को पकड़ कर, मेरा दिल तेजी से धड़क रहा था, और मैं नज़रें उठाने की हिम्मत भी नहीं कर पा रहा था।

Paraphrase in English

M. Hamel spoke to me gently. He said, “I won’t scold you, little Franz; you must already be feeling bad.” Then he explained how we always delay learning, saying, “Oh, there’s plenty of time; I’ll study tomorrow.” But now, it’s too late. That is the big problem with Alsace—people keep postponing their learning. And now, the Prussians can make fun of us, saying, “You call yourselves French, but you can’t even speak or write your own language!” But M. Hamel told me I wasn’t the only one to blame. He said everyone is responsible, and we all should feel guilty.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

मिस्टर हैमेल ने मुझसे धीरे से कहा, “मैं तुम्हें डाँटूंगा नहीं, छोटे फ्रांज़; तुम पहले से ही बहुत बुरा महसूस कर रहे होगे।” फिर उन्होंने समझाया कि हम हमेशा पढ़ाई को टालते रहते हैं और सोचते हैं, “अभी तो बहुत समय है, कल पढ़ लेंगे।” लेकिन अब देखो, बहुत देर हो चुकी है। यही अलसास (Alsace) की सबसे बड़ी समस्या है—लोग पढ़ाई को कल पर टालते रहते हैं। अब प्रशियन लोग हमसे कहेंगे, “तुम खुद को फ्रेंच कहते हो, लेकिन न तो अपनी भाषा बोल सकते हो और न ही लिख सकते हो!” लेकिन मिस्टर हैमेल ने कहा कि इसमें केवल मेरी गलती नहीं है। उन्होंने कहा कि हम सभी दोषी हैं, और हम सबको खुद पर शर्मिंदा होना चाहिए।

“Your parents were not anxious enough to have you learn. They preferred to put you to work on a farm or at the mills, so as to have a little more money. And I? I’ve been to blame also. Have I not often sent you to water my flowers instead of learning your lessons? And when I wanted to go fishing, did I not just give you a holiday?”

Paraphrase in English

M. Hamel continued speaking honestly. He said that even our parents were not serious about our education. They thought it was better to send us to work on farms or in mills to earn a little extra money. Then he admitted that he too was at fault. He said that many times, instead of teaching us, he sent us to water his flowers. And when he wanted to go fishing, he would simply give us a holiday. So, it wasn’t just the students’ fault — the parents and the teacher were also responsible.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

मिस्टर हैमेल ने ईमानदारी से बोलना जारी रखा। उन्होंने कहा कि हमारे माता-पिता भी हमारी पढ़ाई को लेकर गंभीर नहीं थे। उन्हें लगता था कि बच्चों को खेतों या मिल में काम पर लगा देना बेहतर है ताकि थोड़ा और पैसा मिल सके। फिर उन्होंने यह भी माना कि उनसे भी गलती हुई है। उन्होंने कहा कि कई बार उन्होंने हमें पढ़ाने के बजाय अपने फूलों में पानी डालने भेज दिया। और जब उन्हें मछली पकड़ने जाना होता था, तो वे हमें छुट्टी दे देते थे। मतलब गलती सिर्फ छात्रों की नहीं थी—माता-पिता और शिक्षक भी जिम्मेदार थे।

Then, from one thing to another, M. Hamel went on to talk of the French language, saying that it was the most beautiful language in the world — the clearest, the most logical; that we must guard it among us and never forget it, because when a people are enslaved, as long as they hold fast to their language it is as if they had the key to their prison. Then he opened a grammar and read us our lesson. I was amazed to see how well I understood it. All he said seemed so easy, so easy! I think, too, that I had never listened so carefully, and that he had never explained everything with so much patience. It seemed almost as if the poor man wanted to give us all he knew before going away, and to put it all into our heads at one stroke.

Paraphrase in English

Then M. Hamel started talking about the French language. He said it is the most beautiful, clear, and logical language in the world. He told everyone to protect it and never forget it, because when people are ruled by others, their language keeps their identity alive — like a key to a prison. Then he opened the grammar book and started teaching. I was surprised that I could understand everything so easily. Maybe it was because I was finally listening with full attention, and M. Hamel was explaining with great patience, as if he wanted to teach us everything he knew in that one last class.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

फिर मिस्टर हैमेल ने फ्रेंच भाषा के बारे में बात करना शुरू किया। उन्होंने कहा कि यह दुनिया की सबसे सुंदर, साफ़-सुथरी, और तर्कसंगत (logical) भाषा है। उन्होंने कहा कि हमें इसे संभालकर रखना चाहिए और कभी नहीं भूलना चाहिए, क्योंकि जब कोई जाति गुलाम हो जाती है, तब भी अगर वे अपनी भाषा को थामे रहते हैं, तो ऐसा होता है जैसे उनके पास अपनी जेल की चाबी हो। फिर उन्होंने ग्रामर की किताब खोली और पढ़ाना शुरू किया। मुझे बहुत आश्चर्य हुआ कि मुझे सब कुछ बहुत आसान लग रहा था। शायद इसलिए कि मैं पहली बार ध्यान से सुन रहा था, और मिस्टर हैमेल ने भी बहुत धैर्य से समझाया, जैसे वो अपनी सारी जानकारी एक ही बार में हमारे दिमाग में भर देना चाहते हों।

After the grammar, we had a lesson in writing. That day M. Hamel had new copies for us, written in a beautiful round hand — France, Alsace, France, Alsace. They looked like little flags floating everywhere in the school-room, hung from the rod at the top of our desks.

Paraphrase in English

After the grammar lesson, we had writing practice. That day, M. Hamel had brought new sheets for us to write on. On them, in beautiful handwriting, were written the words: France, Alsace, France, Alsace. These words looked like small flags hanging all around the classroom. They were placed on the top rods of our desks, making the room look decorated and patriotic.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

ग्रामर के बाद हमारी लिखावट (writing) की कक्षा हुई। उस दिन मिस्टर हैमेल हमारे लिए नई कॉपियाँ लाए थे, जिन पर बहुत सुंदर और गोल अक्षरों में लिखा था — France, Alsace, France, Alsace। ये शब्द ऐसे लग रहे थे जैसे छोटे-छोटे झंडे कक्षा में हर जगह लहरा रहे हों। वे हमारी डेस्क के ऊपर लगे रॉड से लटक रहे थे, जिससे पूरी कक्षा देशभक्ति से भरी हुई लग रही थी।

You ought to have seen how every one set to work, and how quiet it was! The only sound was the scratching of the pens over the paper. Once some beetles flew in; but nobody paid any attention to them, not even the littlest ones, who worked right on tracing their fish-hooks, as if that was French, too. On the roof the pigeons cooed very low, and I thought to myself, “Will they make them sing in German, even the pigeons?”

Paraphrase in English

You should have seen how seriously everyone was working and how silent the classroom had become! The only sound was the scratch of pens moving on the paper. A few beetles flew into the room, but no one got distracted — not even the smallest children, who kept tracing the shape of fish-hooks as if that was also part of the French language. On the roof, the pigeons were softly cooing, and I thought, “Will they make the pigeons speak in German too?”

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

आपको देखना चाहिए था कि सब लोग कितनी गंभीरता से काम कर रहे थे और कक्षा कितनी शांत थी! केवल कलमों की कागज पर खरोंचने की आवाज़ आ रही थी। कुछ भृंग (beetles) कमरे में उड़ते हुए आ गए, लेकिन किसी ने ध्यान नहीं दिया — यहाँ तक कि छोटे बच्चे भी नहीं, जो मछली पकड़ने वाले कांटे (fish-hooks) की आकृति बना रहे थे, जैसे वह भी फ्रेंच भाषा का हिस्सा हो। छत पर कबूतर धीरे-धीरे गुटरगूं कर रहे थे, और मैंने सोचा, “क्या अब वे कबूतरों को भी जर्मन में गाने के लिए कहेंगे?”

Whenever I looked up from my writing I saw M. Hamel sitting motionless in his chair and gazing first at one thing, then at another, as if he wanted to fix in his mind just how everything looked in that little school-room. Fancy! For forty years he had been there in the same place, with his garden outside the window and his class in front of him, just like that. Only the desks and benches had been worn smooth; the walnut-trees in the garden were taller, and the hopvine that he had planted himself twined about the windows to the roof. How it must have broken his heart to leave it all, poor man; to hear his sister moving about in the room above, packing their trunks! For they must leave the country next day.

Paraphrase in English

Whenever I looked up from my writing, I saw M. Hamel sitting still in his chair, looking at everything around him — like he wanted to remember every little detail of the classroom. Imagine! He had taught there for forty years, in the same room, with the garden outside the window and the students in front of him. Over time, only the desks and benches had become smooth with use, the walnut trees had grown taller, and the hopvine he had planted had climbed all the way up to the roof. It must have been so painful for him to leave all this behind — poor man! Even his sister upstairs was packing their things because they had to leave the country the next day.

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

जब-जब मैं अपनी लिखाई से सिर उठाता, मैं देखता कि म. हैमेल अपनी कुर्सी पर चुपचाप बैठे हैं और एक चीज़ को देखते, फिर दूसरी को — जैसे वे उस छोटे-से स्कूल के हर दृश्य को अपनी यादों में बसा लेना चाहते हों। सोचिए! वे चालीस सालों से वहीं पढ़ा रहे थे — उसी कमरे में, उसी खिड़की के बाहर बगीचा, और सामने छात्र। समय के साथ बस डेस्क और बेंचें घिस कर चिकनी हो गई थीं, अखरोट के पेड़ ऊँचे हो गए थे, और जो लता (hopvine) उन्होंने लगाई थी, वह खिड़कियों से होकर छत तक चढ़ गई थी। सब कुछ छोड़ना उनके लिए कितना दुखदायी रहा होगा — बेचारे म. हैमेल! ऊपर कमरे में उनकी बहन सामान बांध रही थी, क्योंकि अगली सुबह उन्हें देश छोड़कर जाना था।

But he had the courage to hear every lesson to the very last. After the writing, we had a lesson in history, and then the babies chanted their ba, be bi, bo, bu. Down there at the back of the room old Hauser had put on his spectacles and, holding his primer in both hands, spelled the letters with them. You could see that he, too, was crying; his voice trembled with emotion, and it was so funny to hear him that we all wanted to laugh and cry. Ah, how well I remember it, that last lesson!

Paraphrase in English

But M. Hamel had the strength and courage to continue teaching till the very last moment. After the writing lesson, we had a history lesson, and then the youngest students recited their alphabet sounds — ba, be, bi, bo, bu. At the back of the classroom, old Hauser had put on his glasses and was holding his old book in both hands, spelling the letters along with the children. He was so emotional that his voice shook, and he was crying, too. It looked funny and touching at the same time — we all felt like laughing and crying together. Oh, I will never forget that last lesson!

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

लेकिन म. हैमेल में इतना हौसला था कि उन्होंने आखिरी क्षण तक हर पाठ पढ़ाया। लिखने के बाद हमने एक इतिहास का पाठ पढ़ा, और फिर छोटे बच्चों ने अपने अक्षरों की आवाजें दोहराईं — बा, बे, बी, बो, बु। कमरे के पीछे बूढ़े हॉज़र ने अपने चश्मे पहन लिए और अपनी पुरानी किताब दोनों हाथों में पकड़े हुए बच्चों के साथ अक्षर जोड़ रहे थे। वे इतने भावुक हो गए थे कि उनकी आवाज कांप रही थी, और उनकी आंखों से आंसू बह रहे थे। उन्हें ऐसा करते देखना मजाकिया और भावुक दोनों लगता था — हम सबको हंसने और रोने का मन कर रहा था। आह! मुझे वो आखिरी पाठ आज भी बहुत अच्छे से याद है।

All at once the church-clock struck twelve. Then the Angelus. At the same moment the trumpets of the Prussians, returning from drill, sounded under our windows. M. Hamel stood up, very pale, in his chair. I never saw him look so tall.
“My friends,” said he, “I—I—” But something choked him. He could not go on.
Then he turned to the blackboard, took a piece of chalk, and, bearing on with all his might, he wrote as large as he could —
“Vive La France!”
Then he stopped and leaned his head against the wall, and, without a word, he made a gesture to us with his hand —
“School is dismissed — you may go.”

Paraphrase in English

Suddenly, the church clock struck twelve, and the Angelus bell (a traditional prayer bell) rang. At the same time, the sound of Prussian soldiers’ trumpets could be heard from outside the window as they returned from training. M. Hamel stood up in his chair, looking very pale, and Franz had never seen him look so tall and serious. M. Hamel tried to speak: “My friends, I—I—” but his emotions choked him, and he could not continue. Then, turning to the blackboard, he took a piece of chalk and, using all his strength, wrote in big letters: “Vive La France!” (which means “Long live France!”). Then he leaned his head against the wall, and, without saying a word, he made a gesture with his hand that meant — “School is over — you may go now.”

The Last Lesson Line by Line Explanation in Hindi

अचानक, गिरजाघर की घड़ी ने बारह बजाए, और एंजेलस (प्रार्थना की घंटी) की आवाज़ आई। ठीक उसी समय, प्रशियन सैनिकों की तुरही भी खिड़की के नीचे से सुनाई दी, जो अभ्यास से लौट रहे थे। म. हैमेल अपनी कुर्सी पर बहुत पीले चेहरे के साथ खड़े हो गए। फ्रांज ने उन्हें पहले कभी इतना गंभीर और ऊँचा नहीं देखा था। म. हैमेल ने बोलने की कोशिश की, “मेरे दोस्तों, मैं — मैं —” लेकिन वे भावुकता में बोल नहीं सके। फिर उन्होंने ब्लैकबोर्ड की ओर रुख किया, चॉक उठाई, और पूरी ताकत से बड़े-बड़े अक्षरों में लिखा — “Vive La France!” (जिसका अर्थ है “फ्रांस अमर रहे!”)। फिर वे दीवार से सिर टिका कर खड़े हो गए, और बिना कुछ बोले, हाथ के इशारे से हमें छुट्टी का संकेत दिया — “स्कूल खत्म हुआ — अब तुम जा सकते हो।”